Other essential predecessors of film were those devices that created the illusion of motion by taking advantage of the persistence of vision and the stroboscopic effect, such as the thaumatrope, phenakistoscope or wheel of life, zoetrope or magic drum and praxinoscope and later on, the more sophisticated flip-books such as the kinora and mutoscope.
Crew
Werner Nekes
Director, Writer, Producer
Astrid Nicklaus
Editor
Bernd Upnmoor
Camera Operator
Serge Roman
Camera Operator
Ertan Erdogan
Camera Operator
Joe Wentrup
Camera Operator
Katrin Köster
Animation
Norbert Schliewe
Animation
Lutz Garmsen
Animation
Michel Klöfkorn
Animation
Norbert Schlawien
Sound
Dietrich Hahne
Music
Helge Schneider
Music